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Square Steel Pipe SHS Thumb
ASTM A500 Square Tube Bundle Thumb
Galvanized Square Pipe SHS Thumb
Square Tube Weld Seam Thumb
Cold Formed Square Pipe Line Thumb
EN 10219 SHS Stacking Thumb
Square Pipe Inspection Thumb
Large Square Tube 600mm Thumb
SHS Column Application Thumb
Hot Dip Galvanized Pipe Thumb
Precision Cut Square Tube Thumb
Square Pipe Packing Thumb
JIS G3466 Square Tube Thumb

Square Steel Pipe

Selecting the right square steel pipe for a structure is rarely about the spec sheet alone — it is about whether 20x20mm SHS framing is stiff enough for a mezzanine, or whether 300x300mm × 12.5mm cold-formed SHS per ASTM A500 Grade C (50 ksi yield, Fy = 345 MPa) can carry the column load without local buckling under b/t ≤ 1.40√(E/Fy). Between cold-formed and hot-formed hollow sections, the choice affects corner radius (2T vs 3T), residual stress distribution, and weld access. Over 1,800 tons shipped monthly to construction sites in Australia, Singapore, the Middle East, and North America, with full MTC per EN 10204 3.1.
  • Products details
  • Tolerance table
  • Chemical composition
  • Specification

Square Steel Pipe Introduction

Application:

Widely used in furniture, interior decoration, structure

Size:

OD: 10*10-1000*1000mm

Pipe Standard:

DIN EN 10210, DIN EN 10219, GB/T 178-2005,ASTM A53, ASTM A500,BS EN 10219,JIS G 3466, ASTM A513, ASTM A36

S235JR,S355JR,Q235,St37,St37-2,St52,SS400, STK500, Q235B, Q345

Furface:

Black bared, can be galvanized, oiled, painted, powdered.

Packing:

Waterproof plastic bag, bundle with strip

Application:

Widely used in furniture, interior decoration, structure

Size:

OD: 10*10-1000*1000mm

Standard of Square Steel Pipe

ASTM A500 Grade B,

ASTM A513 (1020-1026)

ASTM A36 (A36)

EN 10210: S235, S355, S235JRH, S355J2H, S355NH

EN 10219: S235, S355, S235JRH, S275J0H, S275J2H, S355J0H, S355J2H


Size by Inch (diameter)

Thickness

Sizes by MM (diameter)

Thickness

inch

inch

mm

mm

1/2" x 1/2"

0.065"

16mm×16mm

0.4mm~1.5mm

3/4" x 3/4"

0.049"

18mm×18mm

0.4mm~1.5mm

0.065"

20mm×20mm

0.4mm~3mm

0.083"

22mm×22mm

0.4mm~3mm

0.120"

25mm×25mm

0.6mm~3mm

1" x 1"

0.049"

30mm×30mm

0.6mm~4mm

0.058"

32mm×32mm

0.6mm~4mm

0.065"

34mm×34mm

1mm~2mm

0.072"

35mm×35mm

1mm~4mm

0.083"

38mm×38mm

1mm~4mm

0.095"

40mm×40mm

1mm~4.5mm

0.109"

44mm×44mm

1mm~4.5mm

0.120"

45mm×45mm

1mm~5mm

1 1/8" x 1 1/8"

0.035"

50mm×50mm

1mm~5mm

0.049"

52mm×52mm

1mm~5mm

0.065"

60mm×60mm

1mm~5mm

0.109"

70mm×70mm

2mm~6mm

0.120"

75mm×75mm

2mm~6mm

1 1/4" x 1 1/4"

0.049"

76mm×76mm

2mm~6mm

0.065"

80mm×80mm

2mm~8mm

0.072"

85mm×85mm

2mm~8mm

0.083"

90mm×90mm

2mm~8mm

0.109"

95mm×95mm

2mm~8mm

0.120"

100mm×100mm

2mm~8mm

0.135"

120mm×120mm

4mm~8mm

0.156"

125mm×125mm

4mm~8mm

0.188"

130mm×130mm

4mm~8mm

1 1/2" x 1 1/2"

0.049"

140mm×140mm

6mm~10mm

0.065"

150mm×150mm

6mm~10mm

0.072"

160mm×160mm

6mm~10mm

0.083"

180mm×180mm

6mm~12mm

0.109"

200mm×200mm

6mm~30mm

0.120"

220mm×220mm

6mm~30mm

0.140"

250mm×250mm

6mm~30mm

0.188"

270mm×270mm

6mm~30mm

0.250"

280mm×280mm

6mm~30mm

1 3/4" x 1 3/4"

0.065"

300mm×300mm

8mm~30mm

0.083"

320mm×320mm

8mm~30mm

0.095"

350mm×350mm

8mm~30mm

0.109"

380mm×380mm

8mm~30mm

0.120"

400mm×400mm

8mm~30mm

0.188"

420mm×420mm

10mm~30mm

2" x 2"

0.049"

450mm×450mm

10mm~30mm

0.065"

480mm×480mm

10mm~30mm

0.083"

500mm×500mm

10mm~30mm

0.109"

550mm×550mm

10mm~40mm

0.120"

600mm×600mm

10mm~40mm

0.145"

700mm×700mm

10mm~40mm

0.165"

800mm×800mm

10mm~50mm

0.188"

900mm×900mm

10mm~50mm

0.250"

1000mm×1000mm

10mm~50mm

0.312"



2 1/4" x 2 1/4"

0.188"



0.250"



2 1/2" x 2 1/2"

0.083"



0.109"



0.120"



0.188"



0.250"



0.312"




Advantages of Square Steel Pipe

Used for a variety of applications, some benefits of square tubing include:

Cost-effective

Strength

Uniformity

  • Process

  • Tests

Metallurgical Tests

Metallurgical Tests confirm that the chemical requirements of the pipe are as per the material standard.

•Metallurgical Tests are normally known as Micro and Macro pipe inspection & testing.

•Micro Analysis or Chemical Analysis of

1. Raw material

2. Product

3. Weld ensures that all the alloying elements are within the range as specified in the material standard.

•Macro Analysis for Weld will check the proper fusion of weld material with pipe material.

Some special pipe inspection tests are also carried out on the material when it is going to be used in aggressive environments. These tests will ensure that pipe material is able to withstand in such aggressive environments also. Some of the tests are

•Grain size (AS & SS)

•IGC- Intergranular Corrosion Test(SS)

•Ferrite (SS)

•HIC- Hydrogen-induced Cracking

•SSC- Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking

These tests are performed when it is asked by the purchaser in his specification.


Destructive Test

The mechanical / Destructive test of pipe inspection confirms the mechanical requirements of pipe are as per the material standard.

In Destructive Testing- a sample from the pipe is cut to perform tests

•The tensile test is done to check the yield and ultimate tensile of the pipe. If required by the purchaser or by standard high or low-temperature tensile tests are also performed.

•Bend test / Guided bend test is used to check the integrity of weld joint

•The flattening test examines the ability of plastic deformation in a pipe

•Impact test / Charpy V-Notch Test, check the ability of a material to withstand low-temperature conditions

•A creep test is done to check the long-term effect of temperature under constant load.

  • Packing & Delivery



  • Tolerance table

Square Steel Pipe Dimensional Tolerances

Outside Diameter:

Twist:

Maximum twist per 3 feet of length

Largest outside dimension

Outside tolerance including convexity and concavity

Longest outside dimension

up to 2 1/2"

±.020"

2" to 2 1/2"inclusive

.062"

over 21/2" to 31/2" inclusive

±.025"

over 21/2" to 4" inclusive

.075"

over 31/2" to 51/2" inclusive

±.030"

over 4" to 6" inclusive

.087"

over 51/2"

±1%

over 6" to 8" inclusive

100"

Tolerances include allowance for convexity or concavity. For
rectangular sections, the tolerance calculated for the larger flat
dimension shall also apply to the smaller flat dimension. This
tolerance may be increased 50 percent when applied to the
smaller dimension, if the ratio of cross sectional dimension
is between 1.5 and 3, and 100 percent when the ratio exceeds 3.

over 8"

112"

Straightness:
Permissable variation shall be 1/8" times the number of feet of total length divided by 5:

.125" x (total length)÷5

Wall Thickness:

Squareness of Sides:

Maximum allowable variation

±10%

Adjacent sides may deviate from 90°by a tolerance of plus or minus 2 degrees maximum.

(wall thickness is to be measured at the center of the flat, exclusive
of the weld area, and not at the corners)

Worner Radii:

Flash:

The radius of any outside corner shal not exceed three times
the specified wall thickness

Structural tubing usually is supplied flash-in. The height of the
flash will vary with the wall thickness of the tube.

  • Chemical composition

Grade

Element

C

Mn

P

S

ASTM A500 Gr.b

%

0.05%-0.23%

0.3%-0.6%

0.04%

0.04%


Acc.to EN10027/1

Acc.to EN10027/2

C% max (Norminal W.T.(mm)

Si% max

Mn% max

P% max

S% max

N% max

and IC 10


= 40


S235JRH

1.0039

0.17

0.20

-

1.40

0.045

0.045

0.009

S275JOH

1.0149

0.20

0.22

-

1.50

0.040

0.040

0.009

S275J2H

1.0138

0.20

0.22

-

1.50

0.035

0.035

-

S355JOH

1.0547

0.22

0.22

0.55

1.60

0.040

0.040

0.009

S355J2H

1.0576

0.22

0.22

0.55

1.60

0.035

0.035

-

  • Inquiry

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is the difference between SHS and RHS hollow sections?

SHS (Square Hollow Section) has equal sides (e.g., 100x100mm), providing uniform strength in all directions — ideal for columns and compression members per EN 1993-1-1 §6.2.4.

RHS (Rectangular Hollow Section) has unequal sides (e.g., 100x50mm), offering higher moment of inertia about the major axis per EN 10219-2 §5.2, making it more efficient for beams and frames where bending dominates one direction.

SHS typically costs 5-10% more than RHS of the same weight due to additional forming passes to square the corners. For multi-directional moment frames, SHS saves on connection detailing.

2. How does wall thickness affect square tube structural performance?

Wall thickness directly impacts three key factors:

(1) Section modulus Z = (bd² − (b−2t)(d−2t)³/6d) — thicker walls increase bending resistance per AISC 360 §F7.

(2) Slenderness ratio b/t — affects local buckling limits per AISC Table B4.1a. ASTM A500 Grade C allows b/t ≤ 1.40√(E/Fy).

(3) Local buckling capacity — thicker walls prevent inward buckling at connection points per CIDECT DG1 §3.2.

For structural applications, ASTM A500 Grade C (50 ksi / 345 MPa minimum yield) provides 15% higher capacity than Grade B (46 ksi / 315 MPa). Common thicknesses range from 1.0mm for light frames to 20mm for heavy structural columns.

3. What are the common surface treatments for square steel tubes?

Three main options available per ISO 1461:2022 and ASTM A123:

(1) Black (mill finish) — as rolled per ASTM A500 §11, requires painting after fabrication for corrosion protection. Most economical option.

(2) Hot-dip galvanized per ISO 1461:2022 — zinc coating ≥ 600 g/m² (≥ 85 μm average), service life 25-50 years per ISO 9223 (C3 environment). For coastal C5-M, recommend ≥ 1200 g/m².

(3) Pre-galvanized — galvanized coil (≥ 275 g/m² per EN 10143) formed into tube. Economical for indoor applications, lower corrosion resistance than hot-dip.

For architectural exposed structures, we offer powder coating (60-120 μm per ISO 12944) over galvanized substrate for dual protection.

4. What manufacturing processes are used for square hollow sections?

Two primary methods per EN 10219-1 and EN 10210-1:

(1) Cold formed per ASTM A500 §7 — coil is roll-formed into square shape at room temperature, then ERW welded. Provides tighter tolerances (±0.5mm on side length per EN 10219-2 Table 3) and smoother surface (Ra 3.2 μm). Corner radius ≤ 2T.

(2) Hot formed per EN 10210-1 — hot-rolled strip (> 900°C) shaped into square section. Sizes up to 600×600mm, cost-effective for thick walls (8-20mm). Corner radius ≤ 3T. Better mechanical properties and lower residual stress per EN 10210-2 §8.

Cold formed yields sharper corners beneficial for bolted connections; hot formed provides more consistent through-thickness properties for welded moment frames.

5. How do you ensure square tube dimensions and weld quality?

Every tube undergoes the following per ASTM A500 §12-13 and EN 10219-2 §7:

(1) 100% weld seam ultrasonic testing per ASTM A500 §13 — defect threshold > 5% wall loss. Rejection if linear indication ≥ 25mm.

(2) Dimensional verification — side length ±0.5mm per EN 10219-2 Table 3, wall thickness ±10% per ASTM A500 Table 3, corner radius per gauge (≤ 2T cold formed, ≤ 3T hot formed).

(3) Visual inspection per ASTM A500 §12 — no weld spatter, cracks, surface laps, or excessive straightness deviation (≤ 1.5mm/m).

(4) Chemical analysis + tensile test per heat per ASTM A370 §5-9. Full MTC per EN 10204 3.1 provided. Third-party inspection (SGS, BV, TÜV) available.

6. What are the key design considerations for square tube connections?

Four common connection methods per AISC 360 §J3-J9 and CIDECT DG1-6:

(1) Welding — CJP for moment connections per AWS D1.1 §4, fillet weld minimum leg 0.6× wall thickness per AWS D1.1 Table 8.1.

(2) Bolting — through-bolts with external plate connectors, minimum edge distance 1.5× bolt diameter per AISC Table J3.4. Hex or square washers for bearing.

(3) Mechanical fastening — self-drilling screws or rivets for ≤ 3mm wall, light structural applications.

(4) Slip-fit — allow 2-3mm clearance for telescoping, secure with set screws or tack weld.

Key design points: stress concentration at corners (avoid sharp notches per EN 1993-1-8 §7.5), wall thickness compatibility between connected members, and weld access inside closed sections. For moment-resisting frames, internal stiffeners at beam-column joints per AISC 360 §J10.